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To be – verbo auxiliar

¿Qué son los verbos auxiliares? Verbos auxiliares son verbos de ‘ayuda’ que se dividen en dos categorías principales: 1) auxiliares principales, que son be, have, y do y 2) los auxiliares modales, que son: can, could, may, might, will, shall, must, should, would, ought to, need to y dare to.

Construcción

Forma base = be
Forma presente = am/is/are
Forma pasada = was/were
Participio presente = being
Participio pasado = been

Se usa con la voz pasiva

Se usa como un verbo copulativo para conectar el sujeto con adjetivos

Otros verbos copulativos son seen, apapear, feel, taste, sound etc.

She’s intelligent and strong.
We are fantastic.
You are a very interesting person.
They are happy with us.
You’re such a talkative young man.
He is quite extroverted and outgoing.
We are amused.

Se usa para hablar de experiencias, estados físicos tal como; calor, sed, frío y hambre etc. Usamos ‘be (o feel) + adjetivo’

I am hungry.
She is tired.
They are happy.
She was surprised.

Se usa para hablar sobre la edad, altura, peso, tamaño y colores de una persona

I am twenty-five years old.
She is 1.80, which is very tall for a woman.
They are 100 kilograms.
My shoes are too big for me.
The sea is blue and the grass is green.

Se usa con todas las formas continuas/progresivas tanto en el activo como el pasivo

Tiene las conjugaciones: am, is, are, was, be, been y being, dependiente del tipo de estructura y de si es utilizado en una oración activa o pasiva.

Maria is leaving for Athens today.
Are you working?
She’s having a great time with us.

Activo

Presente Continuo; I am meeting her at 21h.
Pretérito perfecto continuo; I have been living here for three years.

Pasivo

Pretérito simple; The city is visited by many people annually.
Pretérito perfecto; I had been met by a young man.

Ver también

Verbos auxiliares:

Verbos modales: