Gerundio

Puede ser algo difícil saber cuándo puedes usar un gerundio, el infinitivo solo o el ‘to + infinitivo’, y si es correcto o no. Un ‘gerundio’ es un verbo con terminación -ing. Por ejemplo: running, enjoying, playing etc. Hay tres reglas acerca del uso del gerundio (verbo + –ing):

1. Se usa el gerundio después los verbos específicos, que normalmente llevan la forma de gerundio después.
2. Usamos el gerundio después las preposiciones: until, by, before etc.
3. Usamos el gerundio como un sujeto o un objeto de una frase: ‘playing football is great fun’.

Vamos a elaborar más sobre las tres reglas para saber cuándo hay que insertar el gerundio correctamente.

El gerundio es usado después de verbos específicos que siempre llevan la forma de gerundio (verbo + -ing)

Estos verbos llevan el gerundio:

Fancy	She fancies leaving early.
Discuss	I’ve discussed going on vacation with her.
Avoid	Mary usually avoids partying.
Keep	I keep insisting to her.
Recommend	Harry recommends getting a head start.
Suggest	Joseph had suggested travelling to Paris.
Mind	I don’t mind getting dirty.
Dislike	She really dislikes smoking.
Enjoy	Let’s enjoy spending our time together.
Finish	I’ll finish running through your work.
Risk	Don’t risk losing your job.
Can’t help	Harry can’t help cheating.
Can’t stand	Maria can’t stand getting up early.
Appreciate	Samuel appreciates being able to come.
Practise	I will have been practising swimming for two years by tomorrow.
Postpone	Please don’t postpone meeting the venture capitalist.
Miss	She was missing studying.
Delay	They delayed flying.
Consider	I shall consider coming tonight.
Involve	My education involves learning lots about geography.
Deny	The accused denied stealing.
Complete	They will complete training in thirty minutes.
Understand	I understand living here is difficult.
Tolerate	The courts won’t tolerate shouting.
Mention	I think he mentioned leaving at around 20:00h.
Imagine	Last night she imagined arriving late.
Recall	The man recalled saving the guy’s life.
Report	The journalist reported interviewing the chief in stuff.
Anticipate	You must anticipate arriving at that time.

Después de las proposiciones se suele utilizar la forma de gerundio (verbo + –ing)

Before	Before arriving, please take your shoes off.
Of	I received a lot of complaining.
By	By discovering the new properties we were able to go ahead.
Until	Not until writing my book did I know.
For	For smoking in the hallway, you will be punished.
Through	I’ll go through with making the choice.
Under	Under ‘pressing the button’.
Over	I’ll speak to her about handling the situation properly.
Aside from	Aside from not knowing the problem she hadn’t met anyone previously.
Pursuant to	The clause states that pursuant to finalising the deal, we must…
According to	Well, according to him, opening the account there isn’t a good idea.
Upon	Upon arriving in New York we suddenly got lost.
Amid	We were amid making some very serious decisions.
Without	Don’t speak to him without consulting me first.

Usamos el gerundio como un sujeto u objeto de una oración

(Sujeto y objeto en orden aleatorio).

Subject	Smoking is an unhealthy habit.
Object	I liked your taking part in the activity.
Subject	Imagining things instead of telling the truth isn’t a good idea.
Object	I let him know that understanding the issue is vital.
Subject	Getting out of this city is my main priority.
Object	You mustn’t tell Ann about my leaving late today.
Subject	Telling lies is not a good idea.
Object	Explain to her about my telling off.
Subject	Jumping is fun.

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